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''Radio Times'' is a British weekly television and radio programme listings magazine. It was the world's first broadcast listings magazine〔Tony Currie - The Radio Times Story (Kelly Publishing 2001) ISBN 978-1903053096〕 when it was founded in 1923 by John Reith, the then general manager of the BBC. It was published entirely in-house by BBC Magazines from 1937〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The history of Radio Times )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=BBC - The Radio Times - History of the BBC )〕 until 2011 when the BBC Magazines division was merged into Immediate Media Company. ==History and publication== ''Radio Times'' was first issued on 28 September 1923, carrying details of BBC radio programmes (newspapers at the time boycotted radio listings, fearing that increased listenership might decrease their sales〔(The BBC Story, 1920s )〕). Initially, ''Radio Times'' was a combined enterprise between the BBC and the publisher George Newnes, who type-set, printed and distributed the magazine. But in 1925 the BBC assumed full editorial control, and by 1937 the publication was fully in-house.〔 The ''Radio Times'' established a reputation for using leading writers and illustrators, and the covers from the special editions are now collectible design classics. In 1928, ''Radio Times'' announced a regular series of ‘experimental television transmissions by the Baird process' for half an hour every morning. The launch of the first regular 405-line television service by the BBC was reflected with television listings in the ''Radio Times'' edition of 23 October 1936.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Radio Times pre-war television supplements - History of the BBC )〕 Thus ''Radio Times'' became the first television listings magazine in the world. Initially only two pages in each edition were devoted to television. However, in January 1937 the magazine published a lavish photogravure supplement and by September 1939, there were three pages of television listings. Britain declared war on Germany on 3 September 1939 and television broadcasting ceased. Radio listings continued throughout the war for a reduced service, but by 1944, paper rationing meant editions were only 20 pages of tiny print on thin paper. After the war television resumed and the ''Radio Times'' expanded too. Regional editions were introduced. In 1953 the television listings, which so far had been in the back of the magazine, were alongside the daily radio schedules. During the mid-50s ''Radio Times'' covers featured television rather than radio more and more, and in 1957 television listings were moved to a separate section at the front; radio listings were relegated to the back. By the 1950s ''Radio Times'' had grown to be the magazine with the largest circulation in Europe, with an average sales of 8.8 million in 1955.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Happy birthday Radio Times: Ten of the best covers from the last 90 years )〕 Until the deregulation of television listings in 1991, the ''Radio Times'' carried programme listings for BBC radio and television channels only, while the ITV-published magazine, ''TVTimes'', carried television programme listings for ITV and, from 1982, Channel 4.〔(THE GOOD NEW TIMES ... THE BRADSHAW OF BROADCASTING: 1980s – 2000 ) by Robin Carmody, July 2000, ''Off the Telly'' 〕 Today both publications carry listings for all major terrestrial (analogue and digital), cable and satellite television channels in the United Kingdom. A number of similar magazines, from independent publishers, also exist. However, the ''Radio Times'' still lives up to its name by being the most comprehensive source of UK radio listings in print, and also since the 22 May 2007 edition has carried two extra pages of TV listings per day as part of a slight tweak in the publication's format, bringing it up to ten pages of listings per day in total. ''Radio Times'' is published on Tuesdays (its publication day having gradually moved forward from Fridays over many years) and carries listings for the following Saturday through to Friday (this began in 1960, before which issues ran Sunday to Saturday; the changeover meant that Saturday 8 October 1960 was listed twice). Since Christmas 1969, a double-sized issue has been published each December containing listings for two weeks of programmes. Originally, this covered Christmas and New Year listings, but in some years these appear in separate editions, with the two-week period ending just before New Year. The cover of the 'Christmas Number' (as this issue came to be called) dating from the time when it contained just a single week's listings, usually features a generic festive artwork, atypical for the magazine, which since the 1970s has almost exclusively used photographic covers for all other issues. There are several regional editions, which each contain different listings for regional programming. All editions carry variations for adjoining regions and local radio listings. There are now fewer regional editions than there once were because fewer variations in the schedules have led to merging of several editions. The most recent of these is when the Midlands and London/Anglia versions merged into one in August 2007. The exception to this process of merging is Wales, which used to be part of a larger ''Wales/West'' (of England) version, mirroring the HTV region. Each day's television (from 2010 onwards) is listed over ten pages or five double-page spreads: two pages of reviews of highlights ("Choices") followed by two pages of terrestrial TV listings (one column for daytime television, and five columns for the evening television), then six pages of listings for digital channels. Before digital channels became commonplace, a terrestrial day's television was sometimes spread over up to three double-spreads mixed with advertisements, but this format was phased out when independent publishers were allowed to publish television programme schedules. After television listings were deregulated in 1991, there was strong criticism from other listings magazines that ''Radio Times'' was advertised on the BBC (as well as on commercial channels), saying that it gave unfair advantage to the publication. The case went to court, but the outcome was that as the ''Radio Times'' had close connections with the BBC it would be allowed to be advertised by the BBC; however, it must be a static picture of the cover, and that the clear disclaimer "Other television listings magazines are available" be given (leading to the phrase entering common public usage for a time). By the early 2000s, advertisements for the publication had become sparse on the BBC, and BBC magazines, including the ''Radio Times'', have not been advertised nor promoted on BBC television and radio channels since 2005, following a commercial review by the BBC. The latest circulation figure (January 2013 – January 2014) for the ''Radio Times'' is 831,591 ( 6.9%) making it third in the TV listings magazine market behind ''TV Choice'' (1,374,813 11.8%) and ''What's on TV'' (1,049,558 14.1%). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Radio Times」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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